广东省某私立学校学生膳食营养调查

A Nutrition Survey among Secondary School Students at a Full Pension Private School in Guangdong Province

目的 :了解全日制私立学校中学生的膳食结构和营养状况 ,探索一条可供推广的解决学生营养问题的办法。方法 :采用 4日称重法对广东省一所全日制私立学校 1 3～ 1 8岁学生共 873人进行营养调查。结果 :该校中学生的每日平均热能、蛋白质、视黄醇当量、VPP、VitC的摄入量均达到或超过RDA ,但钙、铁、锌、铜、VitB1 不足。男生的身高与体重显著超过全国参考值 (P<0 .0 5)。女生除 1 3～、1 5～岁组身高高于全国参考值 (P <0 .0 5)外 ,其余年龄组身高和体重与全国参考值无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5) ,且均显著低于WHO参考值 (P <0 .0 5)。贫血率低于全国平均水平。结论 :该校中学生营养状况良好 ,膳食结构基本合理。本研究提示 ,在营养师指导下 ,加上合理的膳食管理制度 。

Objective: To understand dietary pattern and nutritional status of full pension private school students and to provide evidences for solving nutrition-related problems of Chinese secondary school students.Methods: Energy and nutrient intakes of 873 students aged 13～18 years were calculated from 4 days of weighed dietary records, their weight and height were measured. Results: The mean intakes of energy, protein, vitamin A, niacin and ascorbic acid were up to or higher than RDA, while intakes of calcium, iron, copper and thiamin were lower than RDA. The mean weight and height of male students in all age groups were significantly higher than the national reference values. There were no differences in the mean weight and height between female students (Except for in 13～ and 15～ age groups) and their national peers. However, the mean weight and height of male students in all age groups were significantly lower than WHO reference values. The prevalence of anemia was lower as compared with the national level. Conclusion: Nutritional status of students surveyed is good, their dietary pattern is reasonable and suitable to students in other schools.