农村中小学生校园欺侮现状分析

Prevalence of bullying among rural students in primary and middle schools

目的探讨农村中小学生校园欺侮现状和影响因素,为开展综合性干预措施提供依据。方法分层整群抽取山东省某县小学四年级到初中三年级的1 742名学生,自行设计问卷对近一个月来校园欺侮现状和相关因素进行调查,分析各类欺侮的报告率,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析欺侮的影响因素。结果校园欺侮的报告率为40.5%,其中小学生校园欺侮的报告率为34.5%,初中生的报告率为46.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。欺侮他人的报告率为20.5%,其中小学生欺侮他人的报告率为13.9%,初中生的报告率为27.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。遭受欺侮的报告率为35.4%,其中小学生遭受欺侮的报告率为30.5%,初中生的报告率为40.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。有3.6%的学生有4种及以上欺侮他人的行为,有7.1%的学生有4种及以上遭受欺侮的行为。欺侮他人和遭受欺侮之间呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。性别、玩暴力游戏、学习成绩是中小学生欺侮发生的主要影响因素。结论农村中小学生校园欺侮现象较为严重,应从个人、同伴、家庭、学校等方面开展综合干预。

Objective To explore the incidence and influencing factors of bullying among rural students, and to provide evidence for the comprehensive intervention. Methods A total of 1 742 primary and middle school students in Shandong were selected to participate in the study and interviewed with questionnaires by the cluster sample. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results About 40.5% reported involving in bullying,which was 34.5% for primary school students and 46.5% for junior middle school students （P〈0.01 }. About 20.5% reported bullied others, which was 13.9% for primary school students and 27.1% for junior middle school students（ P〈0.01 ）. About 35.4% reported being bullied, which was 30.5% for primary school students and 40.4% for junior middle school students（ P〈0.01）. About 3.6% had more than four kinds of bullying behaviors and 7.1% subjected to more than four kinds of being bullying behavior. Bully others was positively correlated to being bullied（P〈 0.01 }. The main influencing factors to students＂ bullying were gender, playing violent games and learning academics. Conclusion Bully was associated with personal, familiar and social factors. Comprehensive actions should be taken to prevent bullying among students.