伊朗炎热干旱地区的建筑特征

Characteristics of Architecture in Iran's Hot and Dry Climate

伊朗历史荟萃了丰富的建筑杰作,比如萨删时代(540AD)的"Tagh-i-Kasra"以及那个年代建造的规模最大的墓穴。经过1400年前阿拉伯人的劫掠,那时曾经是索罗亚斯德教徒的伊朗人开始转而信仰伊斯兰教。这次转变造就了伊朗建筑与伊斯兰建筑的相互融合。该文探讨了伊朗建筑师在设计适合伊朗不同气候地区(如炎热干旱地区或温带和寒带地区)的建筑时所采用的可持续性传统方法,对建筑形式与环境的协调进行了重新解读,以期人们反思现代建筑与现代规划。

Iran＇s history has a rich collection of architectural masterpieces, such as Tagh-i-Kasra from the Sassanid era（540 AD） with the biggest vault built in that era. With the raid of Arabs about 14 centuries ago, Iranians were Zoroastrians at the time who began to convert to Islam .With this conversion both Iranian and Islamic architecture got influences from each other. We study traditional sustainable methods that local Iranian architects have adapted to design buildings, which are suitable for different climatic areas of Iran such as hot and arid or mild and cold, we also give a new explanation on architectural form and the environment, so as to guide people to reflect modern architecture and modern planning.