热带公共建筑的气候设计探索——以乍得议会大厦为例

Climatic Building Design in Tropical Area: A Case Study of Chad Parliament Building

随着可持续发展理念兴起,建筑设计关注热点从"形体设计"回到"气候设计"。该文以乍得议会大厦的设计为例,探索适宜热带地区公共建筑的设计策略。首先,从建筑气候设计的概念改变出发,分析热带地区结合气候学的建筑设计方法必要性。其次,从地理环境、气候条件以及社会经济发展三方面,分析了建筑气候设计的现实条件。以此为基础,探讨了与热带地区相适应的建筑设计策略。最后,结合乍得议会大厦实践,从建筑细部、建筑构造、建筑材料等方面提出具体设计方法。

With the rise of the sustainable development concept, ＂climate design＂ is more and more concerned instead of ＂physical design＂ in architectural design. Taking Chadian parliament as an example, we attempt to explore appropriate strategy for tropical areas of public buildings. First of all, based on the concept of climatic building design, the necessity of architectural climate design methods in tropical regions is analyzed. Secondly, the actual conditions of the architectural climate are discussed from the geographical environment, climatic conditions and socio-economic development. On this basis, the architectural design strategies which adapt to the tropical regions is explored. Finally, with the case of Chad parliament building, architectural details, building construction, building materials and other design methods are put forward in the tropical area.