论现代教学论对教学实践的“作为”与“难为”

The Guidance and Problems of Modern Teaching Theory on Teaching Practice

现代教学论学者具有参与教学实践变革的理想愿望与自觉意识，通过对教学实践变革的理论阐释和行动研究，为教学实践提供相应的科学知识和观察视角，发挥教学论对教学实践变革的指导作用。但由于理论与实践各自的本体价值不同、“相互纠缠”及人们对教学实践“问题”归因的偏颇，也由于教学论自身的一些问题与不足，使得人们质疑教学论的实践指导作用。为真正发挥出教学论的实践指导作用，我们应当继续坚持教学论的理论学科品质，加强“实践教学论”的建设，努力建设理解的、移情性的教学论，并致力于教学论的实践转化，给教学实践变革以科学有效的指导。

Teaching theory plays an researchers＇ involvement with ideal, active role in the teaching practice innovation because of the passion and sense of responsibility, which provides teaching practice innovation with the sight of theoretical knowledge and observation, showing its continuous concern, involvement, and guidance for the practice. However, the guidance of theory is questioned because of the differences between the ontological values of teaching theory and practice, their ＂interpenetration＂, and the biased attribution of the problems in teaching practice, etc. In order to give full play to the guidance of teaching theory in practice, we should stick to its academic and theoretical traits, to strengthen the construction of ＂practical teaching theory＂ with understanding and empathy, and devote to the focus turning of teaching theory to practice so as to promote the teaching practice innovation in a scientific and effective way.