化工项目施工作业风险分析

Analysis of Operational Risk in Construction Period of Chemical Project

化工项目施工过程中存在动态变化的、相互叠加的、集成化的作业风险。以往的研究缺乏对动态、叠加风险的全面考虑和定量分析,难以满足化工项目施工中特定风险管理的现实要求。为有效地管理和控制化工项目施工作业风险,分析施工作业在时间、空间上的变化和叠加现象,以作业风险模型为基础,建立兼顾动态风险和叠加风险的系统性作业风险模型。运用该模型计算某个实例化工项目施工期典型时段各建设单元前后期风险变化值及其相互叠加的风险值,绘制其施工区域风险分布图。结果表明,当前主生产车间、辅助车间、喷塔楼、2号仓库区域设备集中、人员密集、作业交叉、事故发生风险较高,是安全管理的重点部位。就此,提出具体风险控制措施。

It was pointed out here that there were dynamic and superimposed operational risks in the construction period of chemical project, and that previous studies on the risks were lack of comprehensive consideration and quatitative analysis of them, so culd not meet the specific requirements of the risk man- agement in the construction. In order to manage and control effectively the risks, their characteristics were analyzed, and a dynamic and superimposed operational risk model based on the operating conditions of risk evaluation method （LEC method） . The model was then used in a certain chemical plant during the typical construction period to calculate the static and dynamic risks for each unit of the plant, identify areas at superimposed risks and draw a risk distribution map. The results show that the main workshop, the auxilia- ry workshop, the spray tower, and the warehouse 2 risks in the area were put forward. are at higher risks. Specific measures to control the