冬小麦品种兰天17号航天诱变后代农艺性状变异分析

Analysis on Variation of Agronomic Traits of Progenies of Winter Wheat Lantian No.17 Induced by Space Environment

为研究小麦空间诱变后代农艺性状的变异规律,用系谱法对冬小麦品种兰天17号SP 1株群、SP 2系群以及SP 2显著突变系和疑似突变系后代的表现进行了研究。结果它在SP1出现了2个显著的株高突变体D16和D38,其中D38在SP 2表现株高和主穗长度的分离,D 16在SP 2的株高与原品种对照差异不显著,但它在SP 3出现了株高和穗长的显著变异。SP 2疑似突变系D 69在SP 3出现了籽粒形态的显著突变。经单株选择,D 38的部分后代在SP 3或SP 4性状就已基本稳定。表明航天诱变小麦种子,可引起后代株高、穗长、穗形、籽粒形态等性状的变异;突变体可能出现在SP 1,也可能出现在SP 2或以后世代;这些突变体经过2～3个世代的单株选择,部分后代的性状就能基本稳定,小麦航天诱变后代农艺性状的变异符合诱变育种的基本规律。

Using the pedigree method, variation of agronomic traits of progenies of winter wheat Lantian No. 17 induced by space environment. SP 1 strains, SP 2 group and SP 2 significantly mutant lines and suspected mutant offspring performance were studied. The results showed that two height mutants, D 16 and D 38, were found in its SP 1. SP 2 of D 38 showed the character separation in the height and main spike length. There was no significant difference in plant height between SP 2 of D 16 and control, while a significant difference in plant height occurred between SP 3 of D 16 and control. Progeny of mutant D 38 from SP 2 showed genetically stable in SP 3 or SP 4 after individual selection. There was a significant mutation in wheat progeny, such as height, spike length, spike and grain morphological traits, after space mutation. Mutants can occur in SP 1, SP 2, or their progenies, which can become genetically stable after 2 - 3 generation of individual selection. Thus mutation of wheat progeny characters via space mutagenesis also meets the basic law of crops breeding.