妊娠期糖尿病早期干预对围产结局的影响

Influence of early treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on perinatal outcomes

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇进行早期干预对围产结局的影响。方法通过对南京市迈皋桥医院2011年5月～2012年5月间住院分娩的、孕周≥28周的产妇的病历资料进行回顾性分析,诊断为GDM的患者110例,其中84例血糖控制满意的为干预组,余26例血糖控制不满意的为观察组,同时随机选取同期分娩的糖代谢正常的孕妇70例为对照组,比较各组间母儿并发症。结果干预组与对照组比较,妊娠并发症、分娩方式及新生儿患病率均无统计学差异;观察组与干预组、对照组比较,早产、胎膜早破、剖宫产、产后出血、妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过多、巨大儿、高胆红素血症、窒息均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论早期干预,积极控制GDM,可以降低母儿并发症,改善围产结局。

Objective To study the influence of early treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） on perinatal outcomes. Methods 110 cases with GDM in Maigaoqiao hospital from May 2011 to May 2012 were analyzed retrospectively, 84 cases with early treatment and blood sugar control satisfaction were selected as interference group, 26 cases of blood sugar control dissatisfaction as observation group, and 70 cases with normal pregnant glucose metabolism as control group. The pregnant complications and perinatal outcomes in the three groups were analyzed. Results The pregnancy complications, way of parturition, and neonatal complications had not statistical significance in interference group and control group. But compared with the other two groups, the incidences of premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, pregnant hypertension, polyhydrarnnios, macrosomia, hyperbilirubinemia, fetal asphyxia in observation group were significantly higher respectively （P〈 0.05）. Conclusions Early treatment and standardized management of GDM can reduce maternal and neonatal complications, and improve perinatal outcomes.