贸易成本、企业出口动态与出口增长的二元边际——基于中国出口企业微观数据:2000—2005

Trade Cost,Export Dynamics,and Dual Margins of Export Growth:Evidence from China's Micro-level Export Firms Data(2000—2005)

本文基于企业异质性贸易理论框架,利用中国海关数据从企业层面将中国出口增长分解为扩展边际(出口企业数量)与集约边际(单位企业的平均出口额),描述了中国企业出口动态和二元边际结构,并考察不同贸易成本的作用机制。结果发现,2000—2005年间尽管扩展边际的波动幅度远大于集约边际,中国出口的增长仍大部分是由持续出口企业的贸易额扩大实现的;各种因素对二元边际的作用机制和程度不尽相同,经济规模、距离和贸易成本的变动主要通过扩展边际影响贸易流量。

Based on a trade model with heterogeneous firms, this paper decomposed China＇s aggregate exports to a market into extensive margin （the number of firms） and inten： sive margin （average sale of firms）. Using the Chinese Customs data during 2000--2005, thispaper characterizes firms＇ export dynamics and the structure of the dual margins to growth. We found that although the variance of extensive margin is much larger than sive margin, the export growth is mostly contributed by the continued exporters. Most factors influence trade costs through the extensive margin export inten- of the