北京奥林匹克森林公园乡土草本地被植物调查及分析

Investigation and analysis of native herbaceous ground cover plants in Beijing Olympic Forest Park

以乡土植物为主体的园林绿地建设是城市园林绿化发展的主要方向。本研究通过对北京奥林匹克森林公园乡土草本地被植物种类、频度和生长势的调查发现,公园内有乡土草本地被植物44种,隶属于22科43属。菊科、豆科和十字花科的频度最高,抱茎苦荬菜(Ixeris sonchifolia)、草木樨(Melilotus suaveolens)和二月兰(Orychophragmus violaceus)在全园分布最广泛。建议将二月兰、抱茎苦荬菜、蒲公英(Taraxacum officnala)、紫花地丁(Viola yedoensis)、委陵菜(Potentillae chinensis)、草木樨、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)和野豌豆(Viciasativa)8种植物在北京城区园林绿化中大量应用。

It is the main way of city landscape greening that landscape greenery space should be mainly composed of native plants. In order to provide theoretical reference for native herbaceous ground cover plant application in Beijing urban area, this study was carried out in Beijing Olympic Forest Park, which is well- known for native plants application. By using quadrat method, plant species, frequency and growth vigor of native herbaceous ground cover plants were investigated in the park. Results show that there are 44 spe- cies of native herbaceous ground cover plants in the whole park （including the north park and the south park）, which belong to 43 genera and 22 families. Besides, native herbaceous ground cover plant species in the north park is more than that in the south park. Frequency of plants belonging to Asteraceae, Legu- minosae and Cruciferae is higher than that of other families. Three species, Ix＇eris sonchifolia, Melilotus suaveolens and Orychophragmus violaceus, are used most widely in the park. A suggestion is given that Orychophragrnus violaceus, I~＇eris sonchifolia, Taraxacum officnala, Viola yedoensis, Potentillae chinensis, Medicago sativa, Melilotus suaveolens and Vicia sativa should be widely applied in Beijing land- scapes.