骨髓基质细胞对移植肌腱在骨隧道内愈合作用的影响

The Histological Study of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Tendon-Bone Healing in Bone Tunnel

目的:研究骨髓基质细胞对移植肌腱在骨隧道内愈合方式的影响。方法:采用兔膝关节自体半腱肌重建前交叉韧带悬吊固定模型,实验分为空白对照组、胶原海绵组和骨髓基质细胞(MSCs)组,MSCs组在骨隧道内植入骨髓基质细胞。分别于手术后4、8和12周采取组织,采用HE、Masson染色,观察骨隧道和肌腱移植物间的界面组织学特殊变化,分析腱骨愈合信息。结果:4周时MSCs组腱骨间充满结缔组织,空白对照组和胶原海绵组腱骨间有少量结缔组织;8周MSCs组形成Sharpey’s纤维,空白对照组合胶原海绵组无Sharpey’s纤维出现;12周时MSCs组形成大量Sharpey’s纤维,在移植肌腱和骨隧道之间有纤维软骨,矿化软骨形成,空白对照组和胶原海绵组出现Sharpey’s纤维,无矿化软骨形成。结论:MSCs对移植肌腱在骨隧道内的愈合起明显的促进作用,可以缩短腱骨愈合时间。

Objective： To investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem ceils （MSCs） on tendon-bone healing in bone tunnel. Methods： Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with auto-semitendinous tendon was established in knee joints of New Zealand rabbits by suspensory fixation model. All animals were divided into blank group, collagen sponge group and MSCs group. MSCs were implanted in bone tunnel in MSCs group. The collagen sponge was implanted in bone tunnel in collagen sponge group and only operation in blank group. Specimens were collected 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after surgery. Sections were stained with HE and Masson. Special changes of interface tissue between bone tunnel and tendon graft were observed and analyzed. Results： After 4 weeks, an abundant amount of connective tissues was observed in MSCs group, but little connective tissues in the other two groups. After 8 weeks, Sharpey fibers were appeared in MSCs group, and no Sharpey fibers were found in the other two groups. After 12 weeks, an abundant amount of Sharpey fibers and direct connection were observed in MSCs group, and in the other two groups Sharpey fibers can be observed, but no direct connection. Conclusion： MSCs can accelerate graft healing in bone tunnel, which shorten the graft healing time.