施肥对切花玫瑰生长及养分吸收特性的影响

Effect of fertilization on growth and nutrition absorption of cut roses

为了给切花玫瑰栽培提供科学的施肥依据,采用田间试验研究了云南玫瑰主要种植及热销品种"黑魔术"在营养生长期和切花期对营养元素N、P、K的养分吸收特点。研究结果表明,切花玫瑰株高的影响因子的主次顺序为钾>钙>磷>氮,施肥以N1P2K2Ca2时收率最大;切花玫瑰冠宽的影响因子的主次顺序为钙>钾>磷>氮,施肥以N2P3K2Ca3时收率最大;在苗期玫瑰施肥的最佳配比为N2P1K2Ca2[氮肥(尿素)450 kg/hm2,磷肥(普钙)131.4 kg/hm2,钾肥(硫酸钾)400.05 kg/hm2,钙肥(石灰粉)1 300.5 kg/hm2],在之后的整个切花延续期以N2P1K3Ca2(氮肥450 kg/hm2,磷肥131.4 kg/hm2,钾肥600 kg/hm2,钙肥1 300.5 kg/hm2)为最佳施肥配比。

In order to provide scientific basis for the application cut roses cultivation,this paper studied the nutrients N,P,K absorption characteristics of the ＂black magic＂ during the vegetative growth and cut stages by field trials.The results showed that：The factors of influecing the height of cut flower by order were K〉Ca〉P〉N,and N1P2K2Ca2 fertilizer yields the greatest rate of harvest;Impact factor of crown width of cut roses by order were Ca〉K〉P〉N,and N2P3K2Ca3 fertilizer yields the greatest rate of harvest.The best fertilizer ratio in the seedling stage was N2P1K2Ca2（N 450 kg/hm2,P 131.4 kg/hm2,K 400.05 kg/hm2,Ca 1 300.5 kg/hm2）;The best fertilizer ratio in the continuity cutting stage was N2P1K3Ca2（N 450 kg/hm2,P 131.4 kg/hm2,K 600 kg/hm2,Ca 1 300.5 kg/hm2）.