2002-2010年汉寿县五一村血吸虫病疫情监测

Surveillance of endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Wuyi Village of Dongting Lake region,Hunan Province from 2002 to 2010

目的了解目平湖地区五一村血吸虫病流行动态,为洞庭湖洲垸亚型流行区制定血吸虫病防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集2002-2010年五一村血吸虫病情、螺情、人口和社会经济数据,以及实施的各种防治措施等资料,分析五一村血吸虫病疫情指标的动态演变规律。结果五一村居民血吸虫感染率逐年下降,由2002年的11.44%降至2010年的1.12%,其中男性感染率高于女性,职业以渔民感染率最高。9年间耕牛粪检阳性率维持在10%左右。垸外钉螺密度大幅度下降,由2003年秋季最高的10.49只/0.1 m2降至2010年秋季的0.68只/0.1 m2。2003年垸外春季感染螺平均密度高达0.026只/0.1 m2,2006年以后再未查到感染性钉螺。结论五一村血吸虫病疫情大幅度下降,耕牛和渔民是今后防治工作的重点。

Objective To understand the epidemic trends of schistosomiasis in Wuyi Village of Muping Lake,so as to provide the references for making control strategy of schistosomiasis in embankment subtype in Dongting Lake region.Methods The data relating to the morbidity of schistosomiasis among human and domestic animals,the status of Oncomelania snails,the parameters of demographic and social economic development,and intervention measures were collected in Wuyi Village from 2002-2010.Based on this information,the changing trends of schistosomiasis were dynamically analyzed.Results The infection rate of schistosomiasis among human reduced from 11.44% in 2002 to 1.12% in 2010.The infection rate among male residents was higher than that of female ones.The fishermen had the highest infection rate among all the occupational groups.The positive rate of stool examination in cattle was stable at 10%.The density of snails outside embankment greatly decreased from 10.49 snails/0.1 m2 in Autumn of 2003 to 0.68 snails/0.1 m2 in Autumn of 2010.The mean density of infected snails outside embankment reached the peak of 0.026 snails/0.1 m2 in Spring of 2003,yet the figure reduced to zero from 2006 to now.Conclusion The endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Wuyi Village has been greatly reduced,yet cattle and fishermen are still the targets of schistosomiasis control in the future.