隐私权的限制与公共利益

Privacy Restrictions and Public Interests

随着社会经济的发展,隐私权作为公民的一项基本权利,其涵盖的内容逐步扩张,涉及范围逐步扩大。然而法律对隐私权的重视并非意味着该权利的行使是无限的,隐私权具有可限制性,法律需要从维护公共利益的角度对隐私权的保护作出必要的限制。因此对公共利益的法律解读成为关键的理论问题。世界各国的国内立法及国际公约常基于公共利益的衡量对隐私权做出一定的限制,但这种限制必须遵循价值衡量原则、公共利益优先原则、合法性原则和非任意性原则,避免对隐私权的随意限制或侵害。

Privacy is one of the, citizen＇s fundamental rights. With the development of economy, its content has been gradually expanded. However, from the perspective of protecting public interests, the laws need to make some necessary limitations on Privacy. So it becomes the key issue to make legal interpretations for public interests. The laws of all countries in the world and international conventions often make limitations on Privacy based on public interests. However, the limitations should follow the principles of value measurement, the priority of public interests, legitimacy and non-arbitrariness, to avoid the optional restrictions on or violation of Privacy.