从原型范畴理论看委婉语和禁忌语

An Analysis of Euphemism from Perspective of Prototype Theory

委婉语和禁忌语是人类社会普遍存在的文化现象、社会现象和语言交际手段,很多学者从语用学、语言交际等角度对委婉语和禁忌语进行了探讨。借用认知语言学的原型范畴理论,以及该理论的来源——维特根斯坦提出的"家族相似性"语言哲学观,分析委婉语和禁忌语的范畴化,揭示语言使用的实践意义和规律性。

Language communication is an important method to maintain social relationship, euphemism and taboo play an important part in social communication. They are not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a kind of social phenomenon. As the theoretical basis of cognitive linguistics, prototype theory works well in analyzing language. Prototype theory originates from Wittgenstein＇s family resemblance. Euphemism and taboo are focused from the angle of prototype theory for a better understanding of practical significance and regularity of language.