城镇家庭住房困难影响因素研究——基于广东省调查数据的发现

Housing Difficulties of Urban Families and Its Determinants:Findings Based on the Survey in Guangdong

利用2010年广东家庭追踪调查城镇部分数据,研究转型期城镇家庭住房困难状况,结果发现:城镇家庭收入与住房困难成"倒U"关系,其他因素如家庭规模、户籍分割及高房价背景均与住房困难存在明显关系,但住户特征与住房困难的关系较弱。显然,理解转型期城市住房困难现象不能仅从市场的收入逻辑进行解释,住房市场嵌入在各种制度因素之中,旧的分配制度与新的市场因素均会左右城镇家庭的住房状况,住房困难是家庭特征、市场环境及国家力量共同作用的结果。

Based on the data of 2010 Guangdong family tracing survey, this paper evaluates the housing difficulties of urban families in the process of social and economic transition. The results shows that the income of the urban families correlates with the difficulties in housing, which can be described as an ＂inverted U shape curve＂, the other factors such as family size, the unequal social status given by the Hukou system, the roaring high housing price also bring about obstacles to those poor families in housing. Obviously it is not correct to understand the difficulties in housing of the low-income class families in the urban only from the perspective of market mechanism, for the housing market in China is deeply embedded in the various old institutions, and the old wealth distribution system and new market mechanism both are shaping the housing of the families in urban China. All in all, housing difficulties at present are integrated results of family characteristics, market environment and political system.