知觉负荷对注意缺损多动障碍儿童过滤分心刺激能力的影响

The Effect of Perceptual Load on Filtering Distractors in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

研究选取了注意缺损多动障碍儿童34名,普通儿童36名,采用选择性注意任务,考察在目标刺激的知觉负荷高低两种情况下,注意缺损多动障碍儿童面对不同干扰程度的分心刺激时,对其的过滤能力是否落后。结果发现,注意缺损多动障碍儿童过滤分心刺激的能力是否落后取决于目标刺激的知觉负荷的高低:(1)在低知觉负荷任务中,不相容分心刺激对两组儿童的干扰程度要大于面对中性分心刺激时受到的干扰。但是注意缺损多动障碍组儿童受到的干扰效应要大于普通组儿童,说明注意缺损多动障碍组儿童过滤分心刺激的能力落后,并出现在注意选择的晚期阶段;(2)在高知觉负荷任务中,所有被试都没有因为分心刺激干扰程度的不同而受到不同的影响,即过滤中性分心刺激与不相容分心刺激的模式一样。

This study, by using the selective attention task to survey 34 children with attention deficit hyper- activity disorder （ADHD） and 36 normal children, aims to explore the fdtering distractors in the ADHD children under heavy and light perceptual loads. The results show that the ADHD children＇ s ability in filtering distractors depends on the perceptual load. （ 1 ） Under the light perceptual load, the incompatible distractors show more in- terventions in the two groups of children than the neutral distractors. However, the ADHD children sense more interventions than the normal children, which indicates that the ADHD children are backward in their ability in filtering distractors at the late stage of attention selection. （2） Under the heavy perceptual load, neither of the two groups of children is affected by the filtering distractors at different degrees, that is, the central distractors have the same pattern with the incompatible distractors.