小麦梭条花叶病抗性的遗传研究

Genetic Studies on the Resistance of Winter Wheat Varieties to Wheat Spindle Streak Mosaic Disease

本试验选用 17个高抗品种、 9个高感品种随机组合进行杂交 ,通过对 F1、 F2 和部分 BC1、 BC2的抗感鉴定结果以及 F3代的追踪分析 ,研究了小麦品种对小麦梭条花叶病的抗性遗传规律 .结果表明 ,小麦品种对小麦梭条花叶病的抗性为细胞核遗传 ,这一性状受多对显性基因的控制 ,不同品种含有其中的一对或两对或三对 ,大多数品种都含有一对抗性效应很强的抗病基因 .这些结果显示 ,通过对高产感病品种进行遗传改良 。

high resistant and 9 high susceptible wheat varieties were hybridized in random rangement, in which 30 of R×S or S×R, 6 of R×R and 5 of S×S were made. Through identification of all F 1, F 2 and partial BC 1, BC 2 resistance to wheat spindle streak mosaic disease (WSSM) and tracing analysis of F 3, the heritability of resistance to WSSM was studied in the wheat varieties. The major results are as follows: (1) F 1 population show R×R→R, R×S or S×R→R, S×S→S. The inheritable factors of controlling resistance to the disease are in karyon. (2) resistance was found to be a highly heritable trait controlled by a few dominant genes. A three locus genetic model was proposed to account for the observed resistance kinds of the parents, F 1 and F 2 progenies. There are one, two or three pairs of dominant genes respectively in tested varieties. These results have been confirmed by phenotype analysis of F 3 populations. The effectiveness of resistant genes in tested varieties is different, in which the coaction exists in partial genes. The experiment affirms that it is very real and effective to select and breed the varieties suitable to the diseased areas with high yield and resistance to WSSM through genetic improvement of susceptible varieties with high yield property.