白癜风287例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 287 Cases of Vitiligo

目的分析白癜风患者的临床特点及发病诱因,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法对2010年10月-2011年10月本科门诊的287例白癜风患者临床资料进行分析,内容包括性别、年龄、病史、发病部位、家族史、伴发疾病及诱因,用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果男143例,女144例,平均发病年龄(18.9±14.4)岁,4～8岁为高峰发病期(14.29%)。寻常型白癜风有272例(94.77%)。患者全身各部位均可发病,但曝光部位(头、面、颈及手足)发病率较高,占67.25%。33例有阳性家族史,68例有诱发因素,其中有外伤史者27例,精神心理因素者28例。结论本地区白癜风男女发病比例相近,以青少年居多,寻常型最常见,好发于面颈部,外伤及精神心理因素为常见诱因,且有家族史患者病情较重。

Objective To analyse the clinical characteristics and potential precipitating factors of 287 cases of vitiligo on outpatient department and provide basis for prevention and treatment. Methods Questionnaire were designed and completed regarding sex, age, clinical type, lesion site, family history, complication and triggering factors. Then the statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 software. Results Of the patients, 143 were men and 144 were women. The mean age of onset was （18.9 ± 14.4） years. The peak of onset age was from 4 to 8 years old（ 14.29% ）. The vitiligo vulgaris was showed in 272 patients（94.77% ） and all sites of the body can be affected. Head, neck, hands and soles which in the specific areas exposed to sunlight were the most sites of lesions （67.25%）. Family history of vitiligo was present in 33 patients. Initiating factor was mentioned by 68 patients. Conclusion In this study, the average of onset of vitiligo was earlier. The sex differences were not statistically significant. The vitiligo vulgaris was most common. Mental shock and emotional stress were often mentioned by patients as triggering factors. Patients in familial group showed more widespread depigmentation compared with sporadic cases.