列车集便污水好氧处理工艺试验研究

Study on the Process of the Waste Water from the Sealed Toilet of Trains

以某动车段化粪池实际出水为原水样本,采用SBR工艺重点对COD、氨氮的去除效率进行了研究,确定了列车集便污水活性污泥法好氧处理曝气时间、DO值、进水主要污染物指标浓度范围等参数。试验表明SBR工艺对列车集便污水化粪池出水中的COD仅有50%的去除效果,曝气时间超过8 h对COD去除效果的提高作用不大;集便污水NH3-N浓度在1 500 mg/L以上时,停留时间为24 h,曝气时间达到12 h,去除率可以达到70%左右;NH3-N浓度为500 mg/L时,曝气8 h,可达到80%的去除效果;SBR反应器对TP的去除率在10%～40%之间。当进水为吹脱稀释原水,COD浓度在1 000～1 500 mg/L,保持DO值在2～3 mg/L,反应周期8 h,能够达到SBR反应器的最佳运行工况,COD去除率可达80%。

Treating the raw water of a septic tank in EMU depot as a sample,COD removal efficiency and nitrogen removal efficiency were studied by using SBR Process in this paper.Aeration duration,DO concentration,the main pollution concentration of the waste water from the sealed toilet of passenger trains were ascertained.The result of experiment shows that： COD removal efficiency is less than 50% by SBR Process,even if aeration duration exceeds 8 hours,the increase of COD removal efficiency wasn＇t advanced in evidence.When NH3-N concentration of the waste water is more than 1500 mg/L,the remaining time of sewage is 24 hours,aeration duration is 12 hours,COD removal efficiency can reach about 70%;When NH3-N concentration of the waste water is 500 mg/L,aeration duration is 12 hours,COD removal efficiency can reach about 80%;TP removal efficiency by SBR Process is between 10% and 40%.If the the waste water sample is stripping dilution,COD concentration of the waste water is between 1 000 mg/L and 1 500 mg/L,controlling DO concentration is between 2 mg/L and 3 mg/L,the reaction cycle is 8 hours,COD removal efficiency can reach about 80%,the optimal operating condition for SBR is achieved under this condition.