缺血性脑卒中高危者院前延迟行为状况及影响因素

Status and influencing factors of pre-hospital delay behavior of high-risk patients with ischemic stroke

目的调查缺血性脑卒中高危者院前延迟行为状况及影响因素。方法采取方便抽样的方法，对某县303例缺血性脑卒中高危者采用自制问卷，进行院前延迟行为状况调查，并分析其影响因素。结果7个与院前延迟行为有关的题项中，选择有利于及时就医反应选项的被试者所占比率为29.0%-73.3%，平均49.9%。18-34岁，35-64岁和65岁及以上缺血性脑卒中高危者选择有利于及时就医反应选项的个数分别为4，4，3个，组间比较差异有统计学意义（H=11.484，P=0.003）；农村、郊区和城市高危者选择有利于及时就医反应选项的个数分别为4，3，3个，组间比较差异有统计学意义（H=23.118，P=0.000）；初中及以下，高中和中专，大专及以上高危者选择有利于及时就医选项的个数分别为3，4，4.5个，组间比较差异有统计学意义（H=31.105，P=0.000）。年龄、居住地、文化程度、婚姻状况、医保状况、月收入、自感健康状况及体检频率等8个因素组别间选择有利于及时就医反应的个数有差异（P〈0.05）。结论该地缺血性脑卒中高危者院前延迟行为处于中等水平，影响因素为多方面，提示应该从多方面着手，进行脑卒中院前延迟行为的管理。

Objective To study the status and influencing factors of pre-hospital delay behavior of high-risk patients with ischemic stroke. Methods The convenient sampling method was used, and 303 high risk ischemic stroke patients were investigated with self-designed questionnaire to found the influencing factors of pre-hospital delay behaviors. Results Among 7 questions about pre-hospital delay behaviors, 29.0% - 73.3% respondents chose the option that benefited to go to hospital timely with the average rate 49.9%. The number of options that benefited to go to hospital timely chosen by 18 -34,35 -64,≥65 years old high-risk patients were 4,4,3, respectively,the differents among groups were significant （H = 11. 484, P = 0. 003 ）. The number of options that benefited to go to hospital timely chosen by rural, suburban and city high-risk patients were 4,3,3, respectively, the differents among gruops were significant （H = 23. 118, P = 0.000 ）. The number of options that benefited to go to hospital timely chosen by junjor middle school and below, high school and secondary school, junior college and above high-risk patients were 3,4,4. 5, respectively, the differents among gruops were significant （H = 31. 105,P = 0. 000）. And respondents with the different age, residence, education degree, marital status, medical insurance status, income, self-perceived health status and physical examination frequency, the number that they chose the option that benefited to go to hospital timely was significantly different （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The pre-hospital delay behavior of high-risk patients with ischemie stroke is middle level with several influencing factors, so it is important to manage the pre-hospital delay behavior of the patients from many aspects.