某国有大型煤矿职业危害因素调查与建立完善矿山职业危害防控体系的建议

Occupational hazards survey and proposals for establishment and consummation of mining occupational hazards control system in a large state-owned coal mine

目的调查并分析地下矿山职业危害因素现状及在职业危害防治工作中存在的问题,提出建立职业危害预防控制体系建议。方法于2012年4月7—10日,以安徽省某煤矿企业为例,采用职业卫生现场调查和现场监测相结合的方法。结果该矿山企业的主要职业危害因素为粉尘、噪声、有毒有害气体、不良气象条件。粉尘测试总计采集60个样品,其中49个未超过国家卫生标准,样品合格率81.7%。时间加权平均容许浓度设测试点7个,合格率71.4%。2个作业场所噪声超标,合格率75.0%。结论矿山企业存在诸多危害从业人员健康的职业病危害因素,需要从矿山企业与职业病危害整体层面,建立完善职业危害防控体系。

[Objective]To investigate and analyze the occupational hazards status and the existed problem in occupational hazard control in underground mines,and put forward proposals for establishment of occupational hazard prevention and control system.[Methods]From April 7-April 10,2012,a coal mining enterprise in Anhui Province was investigated by using the method of combined field investigations and field monitoring of occupational health.[Results]The main occupational hazards in this enterprise were dust,noise,toxic and hazardous gases and adverse meteorological condition.Dust test collected a total of 60 samples,49 of them did not exceed national health standards,with qualified rate of 81.7%.Time-weighted average allowable concentration based test on 7 points,the qualified rate was 71.4%.Two workplaces with noise over standard,the qualified rate was 75.0%.[Conclusion]There are many occupational hazards endanger employees＇ health in mining enterprises,the establishment and consummation of occupational hazard prevention and control system should be implemented from the mining enterprises and the overall level of occupational hazards.