2011年江苏省吴江地区手足口病流行病学调查及其危险因素分析

Epidemic investigation and risk factors analysis on HFMD in Wujiang Area of Jiangsu Province in 2011

目的了解2011年1—8月吴江市手足口病的疫情并探讨其危险因素。方法采用描述流行病学研究方法,分析2011年1—8月手足口病流行病学特征,对该市第一人民医院就诊的手足口病患儿的临床表现进行分析,研究其危险因素。结果 2011年1—8月该市手足口病共发病835例,其中男性519例,女性316例;年龄集中1～3岁和4～6岁。分别为447和287例,分别占发病总数的53.53%、34.37%;发病时间从4月开始增多,集中在6—8月,7月为发病最高峰;该市各镇均有病例报告,高发区域为松陵、开发区及盛泽。医院儿科门诊、住院及留院观察的手足口病患儿,共计483例,其中中枢神经系统受累的患儿(重症)34例,占病例总数的7.04%;无中枢神经系统受累的患儿(轻症)449例,占总数的92.96%。经统计学分析,发热时间与重症病例相关(t=6.65,P<0.01),年龄与性别与重症病例无显著相关。结论吴江市2011年手足口病发病平稳,发热时间长是手足口病重症的危险因素,判断方法简单,可在基层推广,指导临床医师对重症患儿进行早期诊断和治疗。

[Objective]To understand the epidemic situation and risk factors of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD）. [Methods]The descriptive epidemiology was adopted for epidemiological characteristics analysis HFMD cases in Wujiang First People＇s Hospital from January-August,2011.The clinical manifestations were analyzed for its risk factors.[Results] A total of 835 HFMD cases were reported from January-August,2011,519 of male and 316 of female,447 cases（53.53%） and 287 cases（34.37%） were children aged 1-3 years and 4-6 years,respectively.The case number increased from April,with most cases in June to August and peak incidence in July.The reported cases distributed in all towns,with high incidence in Songling,Development Zone and Shengze.The number of outpatients,inpatients and observed cases of HFMD was 483,34 cases（7.04%） with central nervous system damage（severe case）,449 cases（92.96%） without central nervous system damage（mild case）.The statistical analysis showed the duration of fever associated with severe case（t=6.65,P0.01）,while age and gender was not significantly associated with severe cases.[Conclusion]The incidence of HFMD is steadily in Wujiang City in 2011,the long duration of fever is the risk factor to severe case of HFMD.The judgment method is simple and worthy promotion in grassroots.It can guide clinicians on the early diagnosis and treatment of children with severe HFMD.