中国高校竞技体育现状及发展研究——基于深圳大运会数据分析

Chinese university competitive sports status and development——Based on data analysis of 2011 Shenzhen Universiade

为探究中国高校竞技体育的现状及发展,采用文献资料、实地调查、综合分析等研究方法,对深圳第26届世界大学生夏季运动会的各项数据进行分析,结果表明:中国高校竞技体育经过二十几年三个阶段的发展在深圳大运会上实现历史突破,逐步成为国家竞技体育体系中的重要组成部分;深圳大运会上中国代表团呈现参赛运动员多、院校地域广等特征,运动员来源以"大学生运动员"为主,教练员以高校教师为主;金牌分布不均衡,集中在传统优势单项上,集体项目和传统弱项成绩有所提高,北、上、广三地院校奖牌占主导地位;所获奖牌以体育系统培养的"运动员大学生"为主,教育系统培养的"大学生运动员"成绩有较大提高,打破体育院校主导地位,普通高校竞技体育发展成效显著,呈良好发展态势。详细分析当前高校竞技体育发展面临的困境并提出发展建议,旨在为中国高校竞技体育的健康、快速发展及完善中国竞技体育人才培养体系提供理论参考。

In order to explore the status and development of Chinese university competitivesports,the authors used the research methods of literature and field surveys to analyze the data of the 26th Shenzhen Summer Universiade Games. The results showed that after three stages of development in more than twenty years, Chinese university competitive sports had made a historic breakthrough and become an important part of Chinese competitive sports system. In Shenzhen Universiade, a large quantity of collegiate students and teachers from a wide range of universities formed Chinese Delegation to participate in the Games. The distribution of gold medals was uneven, most of which were won in traditional superior single events while team sports and inferior events had better performance than before. Most of the medals were won by universities from Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Most medal -winners were university athletes trained by sports system while those trained by education system made remarkable progress in their performance, which broke the dominance of universities of sports and showed a good momentum of development. Finally, a detailed analysis was made on the difficulties faced by university competitive sports and relevant proposals were put forward, aiming at providing a theoretical reference for the healthy and fast development of university competitive sports and improvement of sports talent training system.