欧盟司法审查体系及其借鉴意义论析

Judicial Review System of European Union and Its Referring Value

欧盟的司法审查体系是应欧盟跨国区域共同治理的需要而建立的审查机制,它包括对欧盟机构法令的审查、对欧盟机构不作为的审查、对成员国行为的审查以及预先裁决程序。对欧盟机构法令的审查和不作为的审查,可以最大程度地确保欧盟机构的立法与决策符合欧盟基本条约的规定,并保护欧盟法律主体的合法权益不受欧盟机构非法或不当行为的损害。对成员国行为的审查可以促进成员国善意履行欧盟条约的义务。预先裁决程序通过对欧盟法律的解释解决了欧盟法在成员国的适用问题,促进了欧盟法与成员国国内法之间的合作。文章通过剖析欧盟的司法审查制度探讨了其对区域合作的借鉴意义。

The judicial review system of European Union （EU） caters to the transnational governance of the European integration. The EU judicial review system includes the review of the institutional acts, review of the omission of the EU institutes, review of actions of the member states, and the preliminary ruling. The review of institutional acts and omission may greatly guarantee the conformity of the institutional legislation and policy with the basic treaties of EU, and protect the rights of the EU subjects from injury arising out of the illegal or unreasonable acts of the EU institutes. The review of the action of the member states may enforce the member states＇ intention to perform the obligation under the basic treaties. The preliminary reference procedure, through construction of the EU law, determines the applicability of the EU law in the member states, facilitating the cooperation of the EU law and national law. This article probes into the referring value of the EU judicial review system for the regional integrity.