大学生问题发现过程的元认知特点研究

The Study of Metacognition in Problem-Finding Process of the Undergraduates

用出声思维法对大学生进行个别实验,考察在矛盾式与潜藏式两类情境中问题发现过程的元认知评价、元认知监控和元认知策略的特点。40名大学生参与实验,高低能力组被试各20名。研究结果显示:(1)大学生自评分数与问题总数量和总评分之间相关显著,高能力组学生的自评分数高于低能力组。(2)大学生倾向于使用价值性判断和原文分析两个标准来选择问题,高能力组学生对选问理由的阐述优于低能力组,大学生在矛盾情境中对选问理由的阐述优于潜藏情境。(3)高能力组学生在修正策略的使用上多于低能力组。

The metacognition in the process of problem finding was investigated in contradictory and potential situations by means of and the rest metacognitive evaluation in thinking aloud. 40 undergraduates attended the experiment. Half of them were high-ability students were low-ability students. The character of metacognitive evaluation, metacognitive supervision and strategy in the process of problem finding was researched. high-ability group were higher than in low-ability group. the self-evaluation mark and the quantity of problems. （2） Value judgme The results showed： （1） The scores of self- There was remarkable correlation between nt and textual analysis were used more fre- quently by undergraduates to select problems. The reason-statement strategy was used better in high-ability group than in low-ability group. （3） The modification strategy was used more frequently in high-ability group than in low-ability group.