胃癌与幽门螺杆菌感染及p53、ras基因突变的关系

Relation of gastric cancer with helicobacter pylori infection and mutation of p53 and ras

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染和p53、ras基因突变在胃癌发生中的作用。方法采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性分析法(PCR-SSCP)进行p53(外显子7)及ras(第12密码子)进行基因突变分析,并应用快速尿素酶试验(RUT)法和HE染色法检测Hp感染。结果 83例胃癌组织中,p53基因与ras基因发生突变阳性率分别为67.47%、63.86%,男女无差异,有远处转移中二者阳性率更高,而对照组中均无p53与ras突变发生。胃癌组织中Hp感染率为71.08%,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且Hp阳性感染组织中p53和ras的突变率明显高于Hp阴性组织,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01;P<0.05)。结论 Hp感染和p53、ras基因突变可能是胃癌的发生机制之一,Hp感染可导致多基因联合突变。用PCR-SSCP法联合检测胃黏膜组织中p53、ras基因的突变将有助于胃癌诊断和预测胃癌远处转移。

Objective To study the role of helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection and mutation of p53 and ras in development of gastric cancer. Methods Mutation of p53 （exon 7） and ras （codon 12） was analyzed by PCR-SSCP. Hp infection was detected by rapid urease test （RUT） with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results The positive mutation rate of p53 and ras was 67.47% and 63.86%, respectively, in 83 gastric cancer tissue samples. No significant difference was found between males and females. The positive mutation rate of p53 and ras was higher in patients with distant metastasis than in those with no metastasis. No mutation of p53 and ras was observed in control group. The Hp infection rate in gastric cancer tissue was 71.08%, which was significantly higher than that in normal tissue （P〈0.01）. The mutation rate of p53 and ras was significantly higher in positive Hp infection tissue than in negative Hp infection tissue （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Hp infection and mutation of p53 and ras may play a role in development of gastric cancer. Hp infection can lead to mutation of multiple genes. PCR-SSCP in combination with detection of mutation of p53 and ras contributes to diagnosis of gastric cancer and prediction of its distant metastasis.