广义烙铁头属三种烙铁头的核型及分类地位初步探讨

THE KARYOTYPES AND THE PRIMARY TAXONOMICAL DISCUSSION ON THREE SPECIES OF THE GENUS TRIMERESURUS SENSU LATO

报道 3种烙铁头蛇的核型。其中 ,烙铁头 2n =36=16M( 14V +2SV/V) +2 0m ,ZW型性决定 ,Z为V型 ,W为SI/SV型 ,Z明显大于W ;菜花烙铁头 2居群 2n =36=16M ( 14V +2SI) +2 0m ,ZW型性决定 ,Z为V型 ,W为SI型 ,Z明显大于W ;云南竹叶青 2n =36=16M ( 12V/SV +2SV/SI +2SI)+2 0m ,无异型性染色体。对 3种的核型及烙铁头属已知核型进行了比较分析 ,并对云南竹叶青与竹叶青的核型显著差异 ,结合其种的分类学问题进行了讨论 ,归纳已知烙铁头核型基础上 ,结合该类群的属级分类问题进行了讨论 。

The karyotypes of 3 species of Trimeresurus sensu lato were reported Protobothrops mucrosquamatus had 2n=36=16M(14V+2SV/V)+20m and had ZW sex determining system with the Z chromosome of V type being larger than the W chromosome of SI/SV type P jerdonii had 2n=36=16M(14V+2SI)+20m and had ZW sex determining system with the Z chromosome of V type being larger than the W chromosome of SI type Trimeresurus yunnanensis had 2n=36=16M(12V/SV+2SV/SI+2SI)+20m and had no sex chromosome heteromorphism Based on comparing the karyotypes of 3 species with those of other known species in the same genus:1) the conspicuous differences of karyotypes between T stejnegeri and T yunnanensis were discussed associated with their taxonomical problems of species;2) the taxonomical problems of genus were discussed based on karyological populations of Trimeresurus sensu lato;3) the tendency of karyotypic differentiation of Trimeresurus sensu lato was discussed