鸡胚部分去壳离体培养的效果与发育观察

Effect of Partially-deshielded In Vitro Culture of Chicken Embryos

将 2 5枚产后不到 2 4 h的种蛋 ,依次用碘酒和 70 %酒精擦拭消毒处理 ,去掉其钝端外壳三分之一 ,然后用保鲜膜密闭封口 ,并以 2 5枚正常种蛋作为对照 ,按常规方法进行孵化 .重复实验 3次 .第 1次孵化 ,实验组的孵化率显著低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 5) ,仅为 44% ;第 2次孵化 ,两组的孵化率比较接近 (分别为 72 %和 80 % ) ;第 3次孵化 ,实验组的孵化率 ( 76% )稍低于对照组 ( 88% ) .3次孵化的平均孵化率 ,实验组和对照组分别为 64%和 84% .胚胎的发育观察结果表明 ,实验组和对照组的胚胎发育差别始于鸡胚发育的第 1 2 d,并且 ,实验组鸡蛋发育到第 1 8d时鸡胚的死亡率明显增加 ,说明去壳处理对于鸡胚的发育有一定的影响 .与鸡胚的完全换壳离体培养相比 ,部分去壳的方法操作比较简单 ,切实可行 .

A total of 25 fresh eggs from ISA B 380 P.S. layers were collected within 24 hours after laying. One third of the eggshell was carefully removed from the obtuse end of each egg after disinfection, and sealed up again with sterilized artificial membrane. Another 25 intact breeding eggs were used as controls. All 50 eggs were incubated under normal conditions (37.8 ℃, 65% RH). Similar experiment was repeated three times. In the first experiment, the hatchability for the partially shielded group was only 44%, significantly lower that that of the control. The second experiment, however, indicated similar hatchabilities between the partially deshelled and the intact groups (72% vs 80%). The hatchability of the treatment group (76%) was a little bit lower than that of the control group in the third experiment. Average hatchabilities for both groups were 64% and 84% respec tively. Observation of the development of chicken embryos revealed the negative effect of partial deshelling on embryo deveplopment. Obvious difference between the treatment and the control occurred on 12 days of incubation,and with dramatic increase of mortability observed on days 18 for the partially deshelled eggs.With partial deshelling,physical injury and infection could be minimized as compared with that in complete replacement of the eggshell,and because partial deshelling is simple in operation, this method could be one of choices for in vitro culture of chicken embryos in practical applications.