高压交流电场中单液滴振荡特性实验

Experiment of the Oscillation Characteristics of Single Drop in High-Voltage AC Electric Field

以白油和水为实验介质,利用显微高速摄像系统结合图像处理技术对高压交流电场(AC)作用下水滴在油中的振荡特性进行了研究,考察了电场强度、频率、油品黏度、介电常数、油-水界面张力以及液滴直径对液滴伸缩变形幅度的影响。结果表明,交流电场作用下液滴变形度呈周期性变化,且变形度变化频率是电场变化频率的2倍;液滴变形度主要受电场强度、液滴直径、油-水界面张力等因素的影响,而液滴伸缩变形幅度受电场频率、油品黏度和油-水界面张力的影响明显;在50～300Hz的交流电场中,电场频率越大、油品黏度越高、油-水界面张力越低,液滴的伸缩变形幅度越小;电场强度和直径对液滴伸缩变形幅度的影响不明显。

With a micro high-speed camera system and image processing technology,the oscillation characteristics of single water droplet in high voltage AC electric field were studied with white oil and distilled water as experimental materials.The effects of electric field strength and frequency,viscosity of oil,electric constant,interfacial tension of oil-water and droplet diameter on the deformation of droplet were investigated.The results indicated that the deformation of droplet in AC electric field was periodic and the frequency of deformation was twice of electric field frequency.The deformation of droplet was mainly affected by electric field strength,drop diameter and interfacial tension of oil-water,while the oscillation amplitude of droplet was mainly affected by electric filed frequency,viscosity of oil and interfacial tension of oil-water.In the AC electric field of 50～300 Hz,higher frequency,higher oil viscosity and lower interfacial tension of oil-water would lead to smaller oscillation amplitude.The effect of electric field strength and droplet diameter on oscillation amplitude was not so obvious.