表面活性剂种类对纳米氧化锌形貌的影响

Effect of surfactants on morphology of nanostructured zinc oxide

利用简单的水热法,以Zn(Ac)2.2H2O为锌源,通过调整表面活性剂的种类及碱源,制备了一系列不同形貌的纳米结构氧化锌;利用场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线粉末衍射仪分析了产物的形貌和晶体结构,并探讨了多种表面活性剂和醋酸钠碱源对氧化锌纳米结构的影响.结果表明,以NaOH作为碱源时,在不添加任何表面活性剂的情况下,产物的形貌结构与氢氧化钠的加入量有关,当n(Zn2+)∶n(OH-)为1∶2.5、1∶10及1∶20时,分别得到片状、棒状及海胆状纳米结构的氧化锌;产物均为六方相氧化锌.

A series of nanostructured ZnO with different morphologies were fabricated via a facile hydrothermal route with Zn（Ac）2·2H2O as a zinc source. The morphology and crystal structure of as-synthesized ZnO were analyzed using a field-emission scanning electron micro-scope and an X-ray powder dif{ractometer. Besides, the effect of various surfactants and alkali source on the morphology of as-prepared nanostructured ZnO was also discussed. Results show that the morphology of as-prepared nanostructured ZnO is related to the amount of NaOH in the absence of surfactant, and plate-like, rod-like, and urchin-like nanostructures are obtained with n（Zn2＋） ： n（OH ） of 1 ：2.5, 1 ： 10 and 1： 20, and they are all ascribed to hexagonal phase of ZnO.