从扈从诗分析元上都地位成因及其影响

Cause and Impact of the Status of Xianadu of Yuan Dynasty through Analysis of Retinue Poetry

元上都是元大都与蒙古族政治后方之间的政治驿站与文化节点,其地位的形成一方面与忽必烈潜藩时期经营该地区有关,另一方面也与上都的自然地理、社会政治和历史有关。两都制中的元上都的存在对于凝聚蒙古族上层、稳固元代政权的政治后方、保持民族文化的独立属性等方面有积极意义;建设与经营上都、维护驿站,每年巡幸上都,大量赏赐蒙古族贵族等活动,耗费巨靡,造成了元代沉重的财政负担;加之皇上巡幸上都时,大都人心不稳,容易出现权力真空,对元代政权造成了消极影响。

Xianadu was the political post and cultural node between Yuan Dynasty and Mongolian political rear areas.The formation of its statue was closely related to the governing over this area by Kublai Khan during his will-be-emperor period and also had something to do with its geography,social politics and history.The two-capital system had positive significance in uniting the Mongolian uppers,securing the Yuan Dynasty＇s political rear,and maintaining the independence of ethnic culture.The construction and operation of Xianadu,maintaining the posts and annually inspection,as well as rewarding Mongolian nobles resulted in heavy financial burden of the Yuan Dynasty.Additionally,while the emperor＇s inspection and people＇s stands were unstable,it was easy to cause the power vacuum and led to a negative impact on Yuan Dynasty＇s regime.