哈尔滨市ICU护士护理软技能现状的调查

Investigation on nursing soft skills among intensive care unit in Harbin

目的调查哈尔滨市重症监护室（ICU）护士护理软技能现状及其影响因素。方法2011年4—7月采用整群随机抽样方法，在哈尔滨市抽取3家三甲医院ICU的护士为调查对象，采用护理软技能测评量表对300名ICU护士进行调查，评价其护理软技能情况并分析影响因素。结果共发放问卷300份，回收275份，有效问卷245份，有效回收率为89．09％。哈尔滨市ICU护士护理软技能的总均分为（145．40±15．43）分，低于全国常模。得分最高的项目为自我管理技能（43．76±4．32）分，最低得分为职业情操（26．17±2．54）分。对影响ICU护士护理软技能得分的因素进行单因素分析，发现不同年龄、性别、学历、婚姻状态、聘用形式及职称的护士软技能得分不同，差异具有统计学意义（F／t分别为13．28，6．14，4．22，6．85，2．34，5．24；P〈0．05）。以护理软技能总分为因变量，以年龄、性别、婚姻状况、学历、聘用形式、职称为自变量，进行多元线性回归分析，结果表明，护士护理软技能水平受学历、年龄、婚姻状况的影响（R。=0．202）。结论哈尔滨市ICU护士护理软技能还需进一步提高，需要对低学历、已婚及护龄长的护士进行重点干预和培训，从而改善护患关系，提高护理质量。

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of nursing soft skills among Intensive Care Unit in Harbin. Methods The nursing soft skills scale was used to investigate 245 ICU nurses from grade A hospitals between April and July 2011. Results The total of nursing soft skills of ICU nurses was （ 145.40 ± 15.43 ）, lower than that of national norms, with the item of highest score was self-management skills （43.76 ± 4.32）,the item of lowest score was professional sentiment （26.17 ± 2.54）. Univariate analysis showed that nurses with different age, gender, education degree, marital status, hire form, and professional title had different nursing soft skills scores ,and the difference was statistically significant （ Fit = 13.28,6.14,4.22, 6.85,2.34,5.24 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that education degree, age, marital status had significant effect on nurses＇ nursing soft skills （ R2 = 0. 202）. Conclusions The level of nursing soft skills of ICU Nurses should to be improved. The nurse managers should focus on nursing soft skills intervention and training of low education degree, married nurses and older nurses so as to improve nurse - patient relationship and quality of care.