行政决策的功能定位与听证笔录的效力——基于商谈理论的视角

The Functional Orientation of Administrative Making-decision and Legal Effect of Hearing Notes

政府行政决策权的扩张,使得已有立法控制和司法救济机制对决策权的监督约束相形见绌,行政决策的合法性问题凸显。协商民主理论主张以公众交往权力制约行政决策权,从而提供了重要的约束途径。行政决策中引入听证的目的,在于发挥其重大行政决策合法性过滤器的功能;而听证笔录效力则提供了交往权力制约行政权力的通道;从立法上确立听证笔录的法律地位,建立政府对决策听证的回应机制,是推进和完善我国行政决策听证制度的一项重要的基础性工作。

Supervision over and constraint on the power of administrative making-decision by the means of legislative control and judicial relief became ineffective as the power of administrative making-decision is expanded, so the legality of administrative making-decision gets more prominent. The theory of deliberative democracy argues that, public communicative power can constrain the power of administrative making-decision and provide an importantly implementing approach. Introducing hearing into administrative making-decision can play a role of judicial review on major administrative making-decision while recognizing the effect of hearing notes can open a way of constraining on administrative power by communicative power. Therefore, recognizing the effect of hearing notes at the legislative level and setting up a responsive mechanism for administrative making-decision hearing are the two fundamental works for improving and promoting China＇s administrative making-decision hearing.