不同年龄阶段城市女性体育休闲限制研究——以郑州市为例

Restrictions of Recreational Sport of Urban Women of Different Ages

体育休闲的本质是通过体育文化途径消除体力的疲劳,获得精神的慰籍。依据休闲限制的相关理论,调查了解不同年龄阶段的女性休闲方式,了解以体育作为休闲方式的主要障碍。依照Craw ford和Godbey提出的休闲限制阶层模型,调查了600名不同年龄、学历和收入的城市女性。结果表明,青春期后期、成人中期和成人后期都认为自身因素是体育休闲的主要限制,成人早期将时间、经济等视为主要影响因素,人际障碍对女性体育休闲负面影响不大。除了三类限制因素之外,在一致性方面文化因素对不同年龄阶段的影响没有显著性差异,这表明中国女性的知识、信仰、道德习俗等文化基因乃是导致其不愿意参加休闲体育活动的主要原因。

The essence of recreational sport is to get spiritual consolation by alleviating physical fatigue through the sports culture. According to the recreation restriction theories, the paper investigates the recreation ways of women of different ages and reveals the major obstacles of the recreational sport. According to the recreation restriction stratification model proposed by Crawford and Godbey, the paper investigates 600 urban women of different ages, schooling and income. The paper reveals that the urban women of late adolescence, middle adult age and late adult age consider their own factors as the main restrictions of the recreational sport. Urban women of early adult age consider time and economy as the main in- fluential factors and the personal relationship has no negative impact on the women recreational sport. Besides the three restrictive factors, the cultural factor has no impact on the urban women of different ages. The paper proposes that knowledge, belief and moral customs are the main restrictive factors for the recreational sport of urban women.