氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐的合成与性能研究

Studies on Synthesis and Properties of Glucosamine Decanoate

氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与三乙胺在乙醇-水相条件下生成氨基葡萄糖(GA),GA再与癸酸反应,合成了一种氨基葡萄糖为反离子的脂肪羧酸盐表面活性剂——氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐(GAD)。采用红外光谱和N元素含量分析对GAD进行了结构表征,并测试了其表面性能。结果表明:25℃下,GAD的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为8.51×10-4mol/L,临界胶束浓度所对应的表面张力(γCMC)为30.1 mN/m,饱和吸附量(Γmax)为4.33×10-10mol/cm2,饱和吸附分子面积(Amin)为0.38 nm2;GAD具有一定的泡沫性能,并对液体石蜡具有较好的乳化能力;与Tween 80、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱(BS-12)和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(1631)等助剂配伍良好,无分层现象。

Glucosamine decanoate（GAD）,one kind of aliphatic carboxylate surfactant,was synthesized by decanoic acid reacted with glucosamine（GA） which was prepared by glucosamine hydrochloride（GAH） and triethylamine in ethanol-water condition.The structure of GAD was characterized by infrared spectroscopy（IR） and nitrogen elementary analysis.The surface activities of GAD were measured at 25 ℃,which showed that its critical micelle concentration（CMC） was 8.51×10-4 mol/L,its surface tension（γ CMC） corresponding to CMC was 30.1 mN/m,its saturated adsorption（Γmax） was 4.33×10-10 mol/cm2,and its saturation adsorption molecular area（Amin） was 0.38 nm2;GAD possessed certain foamability,good emulsifying ability for liquid paraffin,and good compatibility with Tween 80,dodecyl dimethyl betaine（BS-12）,hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride（1631） and other agents with no demixing phenomenon.