深圳市观澜地区108家企业正己烷职业危害现状调查

Survey of occupational hazards of n-hexane in 108 enterprises in Guanlan District of Shenzhen

目的通过调查深圳观澜地区正己烷职业卫生现状,了解正己烷的职业危害程度,为防治职业病提供依据。方法设计职业卫生调查表,对辖区108家存在正己烷的企业进行了调查。结果存在正己烷职业危害的企业中,电子42家,占38.9%,印刷28家、手袋16家,分别占25.9%、14.8%;监测正己烷样品357个,合格235个,合格率为65.8%,不同行业正己烷的监测合格率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=72.274,P<0.05);接触正己烷的作业工人上岗前、在岗期和离岗时的职业健康检查率分别为:17.8%、81.9%、12.6%。结论应加强对正己烷危害企业的监督和管理,落实接触正己烷作业工人健康监护工作。

Objective To survey the occupational hazards due to exposure to n-hexane in Guanlan District of Shenzhen in order to provide basis for formulating precaution against occupational disease.Methods Occupational hazard due to exposure to n-hexane in 108 enterprises was surveyed and the results were anoyzed.Results There were 42 electronics enterprises,28 printing enterprises and 16 handbags enterprises existing occupational hazards on n-hexane,the ratio of which are respectively 38.9 %,25.9% and 14.8%.357 samples of n-hexane are monitored on-site,235 samples of which are qualified and qualified rate is 65.8%.There is significant difference of qualified rate of on-site monitoring n-hexane concentrations among different industries（X2=72.274,P〈0.05）.The occupational health examination rate of workers exposed to n-hexane in pre-service,in the posts and leaving-posts are respectively 17.8%,81.9% and 12.6%.Conclusion The supervision and management for occupational hazards on n-hexane enterprises should be strengthened and health surveillance for workers exposed to n-hexane should be executed.