东莞市广州管圆线虫病疫源地调查

Study on infective foci of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Dongguan City

目的掌握东莞市广州管圆线虫病疫源地分布情况,为制定东莞市广州管圆线虫病防治策略提供参考。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,抽取东莞市两个镇街作为调查点,通过匀浆法确定各调查点广州管圆线虫中间宿主感染情况。结果采用匀浆法共检测福寿螺标本128份,阳性34份,阳性率为26.56%;褐云玛瑙螺97份,阳性44份,阳性率为45.36%;环棱螺91份,阳性3份,阳性率为3.30%,三者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);感染广州管圆线虫幼虫福寿螺最高的是110条/螺,最少是5条/螺,平均为36条/螺;大、中、小福寿螺阳性率为48.57%、18.60%、14.28%,三者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大、小褐云玛瑙螺阳性率为52.38%和32.35%,二者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);阳性率与离居民区的远近有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论东莞市为广州管圆线虫病疫源地,而且是广东省阳性率较高的调查点之一,虽然东莞市暂未发现广州管圆线虫病例,但仍然要加强宣教工作,不能掉以轻心。

Objective To master the distribution of natural infectious focus of human Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Dongguan City,and provide the scientific basis for making surveillance strategies.Methods Two survey sits were selected randomly and the infection rate of snails was detected by homogenization.Results Totally 128 Pomacea canaliculata,97 Achatina fulica and 91 Bellamya were tested with the infection rate of 26.56%（34/128）,45.36%（44/97） and 3.30%（3/91） respectively.Statistically significant differences were found among the three kinds of snails（P〈0.05）.The mean larvae burden was 36 per snail（5-110）,and there were statistically significant differences among the positive rate of large Pomacea canaliculata（48.57%）,medium（18.60%）,and small（14.28%）（P〈0.05）;the positive rate of large and small Achatina fulica was 52.38% and 32.35%,showing statistically significant differences（P〈0.05）.And the positive rate was related with the distance from residential areas（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Dongguan City is a focus of Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis,and the infection rate of snails is relatively high in Guangdong Province.Although no angiostrongyliasis cases had been found,health education needs to be strengthened.