某高职学院女生月经及经期保健认知状况调查

Investigation on cognition on menstruation and menstrual health care among female students in a vocational college

目的了解在校女大学生月经及经期保健认知现况，为更好地指导和促进女大学生经期保健工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，随机抽取陕西渭南职业技术学院女生共1778人进行问卷调查。结果女大学生平均初潮年龄为12．8岁。错误的或不适宜的经期保健认知频率在5．5％～32．9％，三年制学生和五年制学生在经期饮食方面的认知存在显著性差异（χ2=54．790，P〈0．001），但在其他方面的认知无显著性差异（均P〉0．05）。月经知识来源于学校教育的仅占10．4％，城市和城镇的学生其知识来源与乡村学生之间存在显著性差异（χ=214．411，P〈0．001）。有86．6％的学生认为学校有必要进行性教育。结论女大学生经期保健知识较缺乏，经期保健行为有待加强和改善。家庭、学校与社会应相互协作，开展有针对性的生殖健康教育。

Objective To investigate the cognition on menstruation and health care during menstruation among female college students so as to provide evidence for better guidance and promotion for menstrual health care work. Methods Cluster sampling method was applied to select 1 778 female college students in Weinan Vocational Technology College, and questionnaire investigation was carried out among them. Results The average age of menarche of female college students was 12.8 years old. The incorrect or improper cognition frequency of menstrual health care was 5.5%-32.9%. There was significant difference in cognition on food and drink during menstruation between students with three-year educational system and five-year educational system （χ2 = 54. 790, P 〈 0. 001 ） , but there were no significant differences in other cognitions （all P 〉0.05 ）. Only 10.4% of menstrual knowledge of students came from school education. Significant difference existed in knowledge sources between students living in city or town and those living in countryside （χ2 = 214.411, P 〈 0. 001 ）. There were 86.6% students considering that sex education provided by college was necessary. Conclusion Female college students lack menstrual health care knowledge, and their health care behaviors during menstruation need to be strengthened and improved. Family, school and society should cooperate mutually to develop pertinent reproductive health education.