反向服务外包如何影响中国的就业结构——以中国作为发包国的视角分析

How does Reverse Service Outsourcing Change the Employment Structure in China? The Perspective of China as an Outsourcer

本文利用2002年和2007年中国投入产出数据以及2004-2009年行业数据,定量分析了反向服务外包对中国就业结构的影响。本文的结论是:一方面,反向服务外包通过影响劳动需求,降低就业总人数;另一方面,从就业结构来看,反向服务外包将增加一个部门密集从事活动的劳动需求,例如,对于熟练劳动力密集的部门来说,反向服务外包将增加该部门对熟练劳动力的需求,这一结论与Feen-stra和Hanson(1996)理论模型的结论一致,但作用机制不同。

Based on the panel data of 18 industries from 2004-2009, and the Input-Output Table in 2002 and 2007, this paper quantitatively analyzed the impact of reverse service outsourcing （RSOS） to producer service industries on employment structure in China. Conclusions are that there is a negative effect of RSOS on total employment, on the one hand; on the other hand, in terms of employment structure, the reverse outsourcing would raise the labor demand for the intensively-performed activities in certain sector. For example, for a sector employing skilled-labors intensively, the reverse outsourcing would increase the demand on skilled-labors in this sector, which is consistent with the viewpoints in the theoretical model developed by Feenstra and Hanson （1996） , but based on different mechanisms.