《史记》“同母者为宗亲”简论

Study on "People Having the Same Mother were the Relatives of the Same Lineage"in Shiji

"同母者为宗亲"是中国古代亲属制度史上的一个著名命题,该命题是否会导致对"父之党为宗族"这一基本原理的质疑?或者中国古代是否有过对宗亲认定原则的二元并存?笔者的结论是,"同母者为宗亲"。不过是在父系世系前提下,对基于同母者感情较为亲密这一人类共通事实的一种表述有欠准确的认定。宗族内部对一夫一妻多妾制下形成的同父异母兄弟群进行的分组,既不会在理论上,也不会在实践上对宗亲所赖以形成的父系世系原则造成任何意义上的颠覆。中国古代对宗亲的二元认定并不存在。

＂People having the same mother were the relatives of the same lineage＂ is a famous proposition in the history of kinship system in ancient China. The author argues that this proposition only reveal the fact in human history that People having the same mother will become much closer than others. Anyway, as a kind Of less accurate expression, it will never overthrow the principle of patrilineal line of descent, which will lead to the formation of lineage. There is no dual standard on the confirmation of the relatives of the same lineage.