论休闲体育对城市女性社会空间的建构与影响因素

The Construction of Women's Social Spaces through Recreational Sports and its Influencing Factors

以女性主义空间理论为基础,通过文献、访问以及参与观察等质性研究方法揭示了女性个体在参与休闲体育过程中的空间体验,并从居民小区、公园广场、商务休闲区三个主要的女性休闲体育活动空间,阐述了女性是如何通过休闲体育活动挑战了原有的空间性别秩序,解构了"公域"和"私域"二元对立的关系,冲击了"男性气质"与"女性气质"的刻板印象,凸显了女性特殊而多元的需求,从而在城市建构起了女性社会空间。与此同时,从社会结构、文化、群体(同伴)以及个体四个层面,分析了影响女性通过休闲体育活动建构社会空间的因素,并指出结构上的性别平等、多元文化环境、女性自我服务体系的建立是女性拓展社会空间、争取平等空间权的基本条件。

By applying feminist geographical theories and qualitative research methods,including documentary research,interview and participant observation,this paper revealed women＇s own sports experiences in urban spaces.It discussed how women,through their recreational sports activities in neighborhoods,parks and commercial recreational arena,had challenged the original gender order,deconstructed the conflicting dual structure of ＂public sphere＂ and ＂private sphere＂,re-drew the boundaries of masculinity and femininity,and met women＇s special needs.Furthermore,it analyzed the social factors which influenced the construction of women＇s spaces through sport,and argued that gender equality in social structures,dynamic cultural environment and women＇s self-service system are preconditions to building women＇s social space and achieving equal rights in urban spaces.