降雨强度对土壤侵蚀作用影响分析

Analysis on Soil Erosion Influenced by Rainfall Process

以河北省南部太行山区典型小流域实验站监测资料，分析降水强度对土壤侵蚀作用的影响。首先对降雨对土壤侵蚀的因素进行分析，其影响因素主要有降水强度、雨滴的大小分布以及雨滴的速度和能量。在此基础上利用坡底水文站实测降雨量和输沙量资料，分析降水强度与侵蚀模数的关系，在不同时段最大降水量中，次降水中最大3h降水量与次降雨对应的侵蚀模数相关关系最好，其相关系数为0．914。按照经验公式，利用次降水量计算其降雨侵蚀力，建立降雨侵蚀力与侵蚀模数的相关关系，其相关系数为0．76。由分析可看出，降水强度是造成流域水土流失的一个主要因素。分析和研究降雨强度对流域土壤侵蚀作用，为水土保持治理提供参考依据。

Based on the Experiment Station monitoring data of the small typical watershed in the Taihang Mountain of Southern Hebei, we analyzed the impact of rainfall intensity on soil erosion. We analyzed the factors of rainfall on soil erosion, including rainfall intensity, raindrop size distribution as well as the speed and energy of the raindrops On this basis, we used the actual measured data of rainfall and sediment discharge measured by Podi Hydrometric Station, and analyzed the relationship between rainfall intensity and erosion modulus. We drew an conclusion that in the different periods of the maximum precipitation and sub-precipitation, the best correlation is between maximum 3 hours precipitation and sub-rainfall corresponding erosion modulus, the correlation coefficient is 0. 914. According to empirical formula, we calculated the rainfall erosivity by using sub-precipitation,and established rainfall emsivity and erosion rodlulus correlation, the correlation coefficient is 0. 76. From the analysis,the rainfall intensity is a major factor caused soil erosion The analysis and study of rainfall intensity on soil erosion provided references for soil and water conservation