武汉市洪山区社区居民高血压病及其主要危险因素流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation on hypertension and its main risk factors among community residents in Hongshan District of Wuhan City

目的探讨武汉市洪山区社区居民高血压病的流行现状及其主要危险因素,为预防和治疗提供依据。方法采取随机分层抽样的方法,从武汉市洪山区社区居民中抽取调查样本600例,入选469例,调查一般人口统计学指标,烟酒嗜好,个人及家族史,血压(BP)、心率(HR)、体重指数(BMI)及血液有关生化项目。结果调查人群的高血压患病率为21.32%,男性和女性分别为26.92%和18.53%;高血压病知识知晓率为41%,治疗率为23%,控制率为11%;多元非条件logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,年龄、吸烟、BMI、高血压家族史、空腹血糖、腰围、心率、打鼾为高血压的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);高密度脂蛋白(HDL)(OR<1,<0.05)为高血压的保护因素。结论该地区社区居民各项危险因素均较高。应普及高血压病知识,加强健康教育,对上述危险因素进行综合防治干预措施,提高高血压防治水平。

[Objective]To investigate the epidemiological features and the main risk factors for hypertension among community residents in Hongshan District of Wuhan City,and provide basis for relevant prevention and treatment.[Methods]The samples were collected with stratified random sampling method from 600 residents in Hongshan District of Wuhan City,and 469 samples were valid.Demographic indexes,smoking and drinking,personal and family history,blood pressure（BP）,heart rate（HR）,body mass index（BMI） and related blood biochemistry items were investigated.[Results] The prevalence rate of hypertension in target population was 21.32%,and that for males and females was 26.92% and 18.53% respectively.The awareness rate,treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 41%,23% and 11%,respectively.Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that age,smoking,body mass index（BMI）,hypertension family history,fasting glucose,waistline,heart rate,snore were considered as the risk factors of hypertension（OR〉1,P〈0.05）,HDL（OR〈1,P〈0.05） was a protective factor of hypertension.[Conclusion]All risk factors for hypertension are still serious among residents of this district.It is necessary to popularize the knowledge of hypertension,to enhance health education,and to carry out prevention and treatment interventions on above risk factors,so as to improve the prevention and treatment level of hypertension.