无锡市流动人口对艾滋病知识的认知情况及艾滋病、梅毒和丙型肝炎感染情况

Cognitive Level of AIDS Knowledge and HIV,Syphilis and Hepatitis C Infections among Floating Population in Wuxi City

目的了解无锡市不同类型流动人口艾滋病知识、态度、行为和艾滋病、梅毒、丙型肝炎感染现状,为制定针对流动人口的艾滋病防制措施提供依据。方法对建筑工人、企业工人、餐饮宾馆服务行业服务人员和劳务市场寻工人员中流动人口进行问卷调查和艾滋病、梅毒、丙型肝炎检测,分析流动人口艾滋病知识、态度、行为和感染情况。结果在1 703份有效问卷中,该省外市流动人口占37.1%,外省的占62.9%。在调查的8个艾滋病预防知识中,总知晓率为67.8%。知晓率企业工人高于建筑工人、劳务市场寻工人员和餐饮宾馆服务行业服务人员,男性高于女性,初中及以上学历高于小学和文盲,45岁以下年龄组高于45岁以上年龄组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。表示愿意与艾滋病感染者/患者在一起工作仅占29.01%;未婚者中有过性行为经历的占16.1%,承认过去1年内有2个及以上的性伴侣的占3.9%,男性被调查者中承认最近1年与小姐(暗娼)发生过性行为占6.0%。获得艾滋病知识的渠道主要是电视、报纸、书籍、广播和免费宣传材料;调查对象中有80.4%的人接受过艾滋病预防的外展干预服务,有41.3%接受过咨询检测。艾滋病病毒和丙型肝炎抗体未检出,梅毒抗体阳性率为0.24%,梅毒特异性抗体阳性率为0.06%。结论无锡市流动人口中艾滋病知晓率低,相关行为率高,歧视态度普遍,需加大艾滋病的宣传教育力度,提高流动人口艾滋病预防意识和能力,促进健康行为,有效遏制艾滋病性病的上升趋势。

[Objective]To understand the level of AIDS knowledge,attitude and behavior（KAP）,and infection status of HIV,syphilis and hepatitis C among floating population of different occupations in Wuxi City,and provide evidence for developing AIDS prevention and control measures among them.[Methods]The questionnaire survey was conducted among migrant workers from construction field,factories,catering hotel service industries and temporarily employed occupations,along with serological detection of HIV,HCV and syphilis.The KAP and infection status of HIV/AIDS among floating population was analyzed.[Results] The study involved 1703 subjects,37.1% were from other cities of Jiangsu province and 62.9% from other provinces.The overall awareness rate was 67.8%.Factory workers were more knowledgeable than construction workers,labor market workers and catering the hotel service industry service personnel with significant difference（P〈0.01）.Also male workers showed significantly higher level of awareness than female,workers with secondary school education or above had better knowledge level than workers of primary school education and the illiterate,and workers under 45 years old were more informative than workers over 45 years,with significant differences（P〈0.01）.Only 29.01% of the subjects agreed to work with HIV/AIDS positive patients.And 16.1% of the unmarried had already involved in sexual activities and 3.9% had at least 2 sexual partners in the last year.Six percent of the men revealed that they had sexual activities with FSW in the last year.Individuals obtained knowledge of AIDS mainly from TV,newspapers,books,broadcasting and free publicity materials.Eighty point four percent of the subjects had received AIDS prevention interventions and 41.3% had received consultancy and tests.HIV and hepatitis C antibodies were not detected.Positive rate of syphilis antibody and syphilis specific antibodies was 0.24% and 0.06%,respectively.[Conclusion]The awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge is relatively low,but behavior rate is relatively high among migrant population in Wuxi City.Discriminatory attitude generally exists.It is necessary to strengthen health education and behavior intervention among this population,to improve their AIDS prevention awareness and ability,to promote healthy behaviors and curb the upward trend of the AIDS effectively.