滕州市某蓄电池企业铅危害状况调查

Investigation on lead hazard in a storage battery enterprise of Tengzhou City

目的了解滕州市某蓄电池企业空气中铅尘(烟)浓度及工人的尿铅含量。方法车间空气中铅尘(烟)浓度采用火焰原子吸收光谱法检测;职工尿铅水平采用"尿中铅的双硫腙法"进行测定。结果工作场所空气中铅尘(烟)浓度超标点较多,铅尘短时间接触浓度最高超限倍数达32倍,铅烟最大超限倍数达50.5倍;203名职工尿中铅含量超标人数75人,超标率36.95%,机修工尿中铅含量超标率高于其他工种,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论蓄电池行业铅危害不容忽视,应加强监督管理,预防和控制急慢性铅中毒事件的发生,有效保护劳动者身体健康。

[Objective]To understand the air concentration of lead dust（fume） and urine lead levels of workers in a storage battery enterprise of Tengzhou City.[Methods]Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was adopted to determine the air concentration of lead dust（fume）,and lead level in urine was detected by dithizone method.[Results]The air concentration of lead dust（fume） was detected over standard at many monitoring spots,the maximum of overrun multiples of the short-term exposure concentration was 32,that of lead fume was 50.5.Of 203 employees,the number of workers with urine lead level over standard was 75（36.95%）,with significantly more mechanic workers,compared with other workers.[Conclusion]Lead hazard can not be ignored in battery industry.It is necessary to strengthen supervision and management,to prevent and control acute and chronic lead poisoning,and protect the health of workers.