天津于桥水库大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物学评价

Macrozoobenthos community structure and water quality evaluation of Yuqiao Reservoir in Tianjin,North China

于2010年5月-2011年5月按季度对于桥水库大型底栖动物进行了采样调查。结果表明:于桥水库底栖动物有51种,其中水生昆虫23种,占总数的45.1%;软体动物15种,占29.4%;寡毛类12种,占23.5%;其他类1种,占2.0%,优势种类为侧叶雕翅摇蚊(Glyptotendipes lobiferus)、中华圆田螺(Cipangopaludina cathayensis)、霍甫水丝蚓(Limnodri-lus hoffmeisteri)、克拉泊水丝蚓(L.claparedeianus);底栖动物年均密度为159.58ind·m-2,年均生物量为3.31g·m-2;各季度底栖动物密度表现为春季>冬季>秋季>夏季,生物量表现为冬季>夏季>春季>秋季。利用Goodnight修正指数(GBI)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Margalef丰富度指数(d)、生物学污染指数(BPI)、科级生物指数(FBI)和综合生物污染指数(BI)对于桥水库的水质进行综合评价,结果显示,于桥水库水质整体处于轻-中污型(Ⅱ-Ⅲ),相比1999-2000年(Ⅲ)于桥水库水质污染状况有所好转。

A quarterly investigation of the macrozoobenthos community in Yuqiao Reservoir was conducted during May 2010 to May 2011. A total of 51 macrozoobenthos species were found, among which, Insecta （23 species）, Mollusca （15 species）, Oligochaeta （12 species）, and others （1 species） accounted for 45.1%, 29.4%, 23.5%, and 2.0% of the total, respectively. The dominant species were Glyptotendipes lobiferus, Cipangopaludina cathayensis, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, and L. claparedeianus.The average annual density and biomass of macrozoobenthos were 159.58 ind·m-2 and 3.31 g·m-2, respectively. The macrozoobenthos had the highest density in spring, followed by in winter and autumn, and in summer, and had the highest biomass in winter, followed by in summer and spring, and in autumn. The evaluation with Goodnight biotic index （GBI）, ShannonWiener diversity index （H′）, Margalef richness index （d）, biological pollution index （BPI）, familylevel biotic index （FBI）, and integrated pollution index （BI） indicated that the overall water quality of the Reservoir was in slightmoderate pollution （Ⅱ-Ⅲ）. As compared to that in 1999-2000 （Ⅲ）, the water quality of Yuqiao Reservoir was somewhat improved.