主成分分析法在医院控烟工作综合评价中的应用

The application of principal components analysis in comprehensive evaluation of tobacco control efforts in hospitals

目的采用主成分分析法对不同地区医院开展的控烟工作进行综合评价,探讨运用主成分分析法进行综合评价的可行性,为更好地开展无烟医疗机构创建提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,在7个项目省共选择210家医院作为研究对象,在回顾文献及咨询专家的基础上确定医院的控烟工作指标,对指标收集数据进行主成分分析并根据主成分分析的结果计算不同地区的综合评分。结果医院控烟工作开展指标主要提取了两个主成分,分别反映了医院禁烟制度及开展的工作、领导控烟意愿及对病人开展的工作;评分结果显示,上海、浙江等省市大部分地区医院控烟工作综合得分较高,江西、黑龙江等省市医院得分相对较低。结论运用主成分分析法对医院的控烟工作进行综合评价,可以消除指标间的共线性,避免人为因素影响,具有较强的全面性和客观性。

Objective To evaluate tobacco control efforts made by hospitals in different districts,explore the feasibility of application of principal component analysis in comprehensive evaluation of tobacco control efforts in hospitals and provide basis for better creation of smoke-free hospitals.Methods 210 hospitals in 7 provinces were selected as study objects by using stratified random sampling method,evaluation index of tobacco control efforts made by hospitals were determined on the basis of literature review and expert consultation,then principle component analysis was conducted to analysis the data of the strength of tobacco control index,and scores of different hospitals was calculated by using the results of principle component analysis.Results Two principal components were extracted from the tobacco control index,respectively reflected tobacco control regulation and tobacco control efforts,leadership willingness to develop tobacco control activities and efforts on patients.The results showed that most areas of Shanghai and Zhejiang had higher scores than other districts.Conclusions The application of using principal component analysis in comprehensive evaluation of tobacco control efforts in hospitals can simplify the number of evaluation index,eliminate co-linearity of index,has strong comprehensiveness and objectivity.