中国部分省市社区高血压患者血压控制状况及影响因素分析

The current situation of blood pressure control and the influencing factors on hypertensive patients in residential communities of China

目的了解中国部分社区高血压患者血压控制情况以及影响血压控制的因素。方法以2005版《中国高血压防治指南》为依据，制定基层高血压规范化管理方案，并规范化培训全国基层医务人员按照方案管理高血压患者。以北京、河北、甘肃、江苏、浙江、广东省（市）实施项目社区内符合人选标准的管理高血压患者为对象，分析基线登记时的血压控制情况和危险因素。结果至2010年12月接受项目社区管理的高血压患者共242182例，平均年龄（61．0±10．5）岁，其中男性48．5％。调查人群血压控制率为27．4％。较低年龄组、男性、较高BMI、吸烟、饮酒、膳食偏咸的高血压患者控制率较低，而有高血压家族史、常参加体育锻炼及接受抗高血压治疗人群的血压控制率较高。结论中国社区高血压人群血压控制率仍处于较低水平，需进一步加强高血压规范化管理的干预措施。

Objective To understand the situation of blood pressure control and the major factors influencing the programs among those hypertensive patients living in the communities from different parts of China. Methods A protocol of community-based standardized blood pressure management was developed based on the current Chinese guideline for prevention, treatment of hypertension. Grass-roots caretakers from community health service centers across China were trained under the requirement of this protocol to manage the hypertensive patients. In this study, the hypertensive patients who had been registered in the project centers from Beijing, Hebei, Gansu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Guangdong provinces, were selected as the study subjects, and the baseline data for these patients was analyzed. Results By the end of 2010, a total of 242 182 patients were registered. The mean age was 61.0 4- 10.5, with 48.5% of them being males. The overall control rate of blood pressure was 27.4%. The control rate was significant lower among patients who were in lower age group, being male, with higher BMI, smoking, drinking or with more salt consumption. However, the control rate was significant higher among those patients who had family history of hypertension, always undertook physical exercise or receiving medical treatment. Conclusion The blood pressure control rate for community hypertensive patients in China was still in a relatively low level. Standardization management measures should be strengthened so as to improve the rate of control on high blood oressure.