摘要
西藏地方政府的权力格局因十三世达赖喇嘛圆寂而急剧变动。按照西藏地方体制,达赖喇嘛通过司伦问政噶厦,行政大权由噶厦行使,但是十三世达赖喇嘛通过两名近侍土登贡培、龙厦总揽大权,两名近侍尤其是土登贡培凌驾于噶厦之上。十三世达赖喇嘛圆寂后,西藏地方政府的权力格局立即重组。按照惯例,在新达赖喇嘛执掌大权前由摄政代理,但是十三世达赖喇嘛圆寂后摄政职位的恢复,是由于噶厦反对司伦贡嘎旺秋掌权;热振当选摄政,是土登贡培、龙厦和以赤门为首的噶伦等相互间较量的结果。接着,赤门、龙厦在达赖圆寂问题上做文章,搞垮土登贡培。但是,龙厦设法废除噶伦制度的努力不可避免地失败,噶厦权力得到恢复,实权落入赤门手中,新的权力格局形成。
The power structure of the local government in Tibet changed drastically du e to the death of the 13th Dalai Lama.According to Tibetan conventional system,D alai Lama participated in the political affairs through Silun(司伦),and Kashag(噶厦)had the executive power.However,the 13th Dalai Lama had the overall power t hrough his two close assistants,Tudeng'gongpei(土登贡培)and Longsha(龙厦),whose power were greater than Kashag.After the death of the 13th Dalai Lama,The pow er structure of the local government in Tibet was rearranged rapidly.According t o the convention,the Regent(摄政) acted as agent before the assumption of new D alai Lama,but Kashag resisted Silun Gong'gawangqiu(贡嘎旺秋)and promoted the r estoration of Regent's position;the inter-contest among Tudeng'gongpei,Longsh a and Kashag who was led by Chimen(赤门) resulted in Rezhen(热振)'s Regent posi tion.Then Chimen and Longsha overthrew Tudeng'gongpei by making a fuss on the death of the 13th Dalai Lama.However,Longsha failed to abolish the system of Ka lon (噶伦制度)inevitably and the power of Kashag was renewed,Chimen got the rea l power and the new power structure took shape.
出处
《中国边疆史地研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第3期20-35,147-148,共16页
China's Borderland History and Geography Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学“维护统一与制造分裂的斗争:1927-1949年中英两国政府关于西藏问题的交涉与争论”(项目批准号:08JA770001)阶段性成果
